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Kelver Mines Ltd.

  • CA-BC-KEL-001
  • Instelling
  • fl. 1960s-1970s

Kelver Mines Ltd. was a mining company in operation in British Columbia (and based in Vancouver) in the 1960s and 1970s. In 1968, Kelver Mines Ltd. conducted geological mapping, trenching, and drilling for fluorite at the Green Gables West showing, located 16 km southwest of Vernon, BC, between lower Whiteman Creek and Okanagan Lake.

International Skating Union (ISU)

  • NL-ISU-001
  • Instelling
  • 1892-

The International Skating Union (ISU) is the international governing body for competitive ice skating disciplines, including figure skating, ice dance, speed skating, and short track speed skating. The ISU was founded in Scheveningen, the Netherlands in July 1892, making it one of the oldest international sport federations. It was established to form standardized international rules and regulations for the skating disciplines it governs, as well as to organize international competitions in these disciplines. The meeting was attended by 15 men, as the national association representatives from the Netherlands, Great Britain, Germany/Austria, and clubs from Stockholm (Sweden) and Budapest (Hungary). The ISU was the first international winter sports federation to govern speed skating and figure skating, as it laid down the rules for speed skating, shortly followed by figure skating. In 1895, the organization streamlined its mission to deal only with amateur competitors, not professionals, and hosted its first amateur skating championship in February 1896 in St. Petersburg, Russia. The United States and Canada formed a competing organization, the International Skating Union of America (ISUA), in 1907. Over the next two years, 12 European nations had joined the ISU, while the ISUA had only its original two members. The ISUA folded in 1927. European and North American figure skaters rarely competed against each other because of differences in their styles of skating at this time. The ISU had "systematized and arranged" the sport of figure skating, with competitions including "a selection of ten or twelve numbers from the ISU programme, ... five minutes' free skating to music, ... [and] special figures" on one foot. In 1911, Canada joined the ISU, leaving the United States as the only major competitor to not be a member. This changed in 1923, when the United States Figure Skating Association joined the ISU, and in 1926, the Japanese sport governing body followed to acquire ISU membership. The first ISU competitions to emerge were the World and European Speed Skating and Figure Skating Championships. Both disciplines were included in the official program of the first Winter Olympic Games in Chamonix in 1924. The discipline of ice dance was introduced at the Innsbruck Games in 1976. After 1945, the ISU slowly continued to grow with accession of members from other countries in Europe, Oceania, and (Southern) Africa. In 1967, the ISU adopted short track speed skating, and the first official ISU World Championships took place in 1981. Short track speed skating became part of the official Olympic program in 1992. The earliest speed skating competitions hosted by the ISU, between 1976 and 1980, were held under different names but have retrospectively received World Championship status. The discipline was known as "indoor speed skating" at first, until being renamed "short track speed skating" when indoor rinks for the longer speed skating events were introduced. By 1988, 38 nations had joined the ISU. Over the next few years, the organization abandoned one of its long-held practices, eliminating the use of mandatory figures in the singles figure skating competitions and reducing their use in ice dance. During the 1970s and 1980s, several Asian countries joined the ISU, followed in the early 1990s by many new countries emerging from the breakup of the USSR, Yugoslavia, and Czechoslovakia. In 1994, synchronized skating was formally recognized as a separate discipline, and the first ISU World Championships were held in 2000 in Minneapolis, MN. After the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, where a large scandal was uncovered revealing corrupt judging in the pairs figure skating competition, the ISU implemented changes to many of its events.The ISU approved the use of video replay, when available, to review referee decisions. The rules for judging figure skating were also overhauled. A new judging system for figure skating took effect in 2005, replacing the 6.0 system of "perfect" scores and instead giving points for various technical elements. Since the 2000s, the ISU has experienced a new wave of expansion, with several countries in Asia and Latin America joining the organization. In 2019, skating federations from Chile, Peru, Turkmenistan, and Vietnam acquired membership of the ISU. After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the ISU banned all athletes from Russia and Belarus from events until further notice. The ISU is now based in Lausanne, Switzerland.

First Night International

  • US-MA-FIR-001
  • Instelling
  • 1976-

First Night International is a non-profit organization with the mandate to promote alcohol-free New Year's Eve celebrations. The organization began as an alternative New Year's Eve celebration in Boston in 1976. The organizers of this event promoted the festivities as an alcohol-free, family-oriented New Year's celebration, and its success prompted an organization called "First Night International", which trademarked the name "First Night," so that all cities wishing to organize a festival by that name must first join the organization and pay a fee. Over 150 American cities and some international cities host these festivities on December 31. First Night festivals feature a variety of acts, events, and demonstrations showcasing the visual and performing arts, drawing primarily on local artists and entertainers. Cities generally stage First Night festivals in a central location and the atmosphere may resemble that of a street fair. Although some open-air entertainment is available to everyone, people who wish to attend events scheduled for indoor venues generally have to buy a pass (usually in the form of a button they wear on their clothing) which entitles them to attend all the events. One of the stated goals of First Night International is to wean people away from more boisterous, alcohol-laden New Year's Eve celebrations. Beyond decreasing alcohol consumption on New Year's Eve, they aim to promote a sense of community, provide family-oriented entertainment, deepen public appreciation for the arts, and bring new life to downtown areas.

PGE

Delta Smelting and Refining Ltd.

  • CA-BC-DEL-003
  • Instelling
  • fl. 1970s-

Delta Smelting and Refining Ltd. was a prolific Canadian silver refinery from the Vancouver area. They are known for their ingots' pour character, dimples, and pour lines.

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